Salafi Social and Political Movements: National and Transnational Contexts, edited by Masooda Bano, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 2021.
Muammer İskenderoğlu
Salafi movements, despite their limited following, seem to take a major share in the discussions of Islamic movements. This edited book, which emerged from a set of conference papers read at the ‘Future of Salafism’ conference held in Oxford in 2018, is one of the recently published works in the field that present discussions and developments within contemporary Salafism. It consists of ten articles, arranged under three parts: changes in Salafi thought, Salafi movements on the ground, and Salafi jihadism and inter-group competition.
In her introduction (1-24), Masooda Bano points to contemporary developments within Salafi movements and their link with the changing priorities of Saudi Arabia, the main sponsor of Salafi networks around the world. These justify the need for a new detailed analysis of the origin and the development of the Salafi movement, its core principles, its relationship with Saudi Arabia and Wahhabism, and its criticism by rival movements.
Since Salafism claims to represent timeless truth, it seems contradictory to discuss changes in Salafi thought. Articles in Part 1 bring this out in connection with issues such as social conservatism, the definition of tawḥīd, and loyalty to the ruler. In Chapter 1 (27-43), Hazim Fouad tries to examine briefly how the Salafi claim to represent authentic Islam is challenged by other Sunni groups, namely the traditionalist belonging to the four Sunni legal schools and Māturīdī and Ashʿarī theology, Sufis, modernist and reformists, the challenge of each of which deserves detailed examination. He finds that, in their critique, while traditionalists and Sufis use theological arguments, modernists make more use of sociological arguments because of their critical stance towards the classical Islamic sciences. These groups differ in their criticism of Salafism not only in their argumentational method but also in their interpretative approaches, so there is no unified front of critics.
In Chapter 2 (44-60), Masooda Bano presents the findings of her fieldwork in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the nature and extent of societal change and understand Wahhabi scholars’ responses to it. She argues that the speedy social changes that were announced by the Saudi state without seeking religious legitimization are an indication of a major push-back against Wahhabi prescriptions, and of the weakening power of religious scholars. Instead of raising their voices, Wahhabi scholars are content with the teaching of the Wahhabi creed, which they still control. But most of the issues in Wahhabi belief and practice are subject to criticism among the Salafi scholars. Bano briefly shows how Hatim al-Awni from Saudi Arabia and Yasir Qadhi from the USA use the Salaf method to question these beliefs and practices but reach different conclusions.
Chapter 3 (61-85) addresses the change in the Salafi understanding of obedience to the ruler. Usaama al-Azami examines how, in the wake of the Arab revolutions, the classical Salafi understanding of obedience and rebellion has become a highly contested issue. He discusses the issue as set out in the writings of Muhammad al-Dadaw and Salman al-Awda, two prominent Salafi scholars who supported the Arab revolutions, together with reference to Abdallah bin Bayyah, a non-Salafi scholar who opposed them. Azami finds Bin Bayyah akin to being a party spokesperson rather than an independent authority, working for the UAE and Saudi Arabia.
The articles in Part 2 present cases studies of Salafi movements in Morocco, Egypt and Kuwait. In Chapter 4 (89-113), Guy Robert Eyre examines the quietist scholastic Salafism represented by Muhammad b. Abdul Rahman al-Maghraoui since the Arab uprisings.
مشروع كتاب التدريب الصيدلي Pharmacists Guide To Practice
إحدى مشروعات اللجنة العلمية والتكنولوجية بكلية الصيدلة جامعة قناة السويس وهو عبارة عن 3 أجزاء:
* الجزء الأول: كتاب Pharmacists Guide To Practice وينقسم إلى 11 فصلا في شتى المجالات التي تفيد الطالب بفترة التدريب والصيادلة حديثي التخرج
* الجزء الثاني: Prescriptions ويضم أكثر من 470 روشتة طبية عالية الجودة مقسمة حسب التخصصات
* الجزء الثالث: Medical cards & Charts
يضم مجموعة من الصور ،المخططات والجداول الطبية التي تلخص بعض المعلومات الطبية وتسهل فهمها وحفظها
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Dear Pharmacists
Find below Pharmacy Exam preparation material, including Books, practice tests and MCQs
-Remington - The Science and Practice of Pharmacy E20
Volume 1 (Includes history/evolution of Pharmacy) (Password: E388mEl7) https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B6j1uMrIWYPBUFdBdUczNU1WMW8
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-Comprehensive Pharmacy Review E8 - By Leon Shargel https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_pMX637K5ExYVRQZU9jZjJCbGs
- Appleton & Lange's Review of Pharmacy (E7)
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-Pharmaceutical Dosage forms E9 By Ansel https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_pMX637K5ExVkZTbEJhZXVYdGs
-Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung), 13th Edition
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-Lippincotts Pharmacology E5 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_pMX637K5ExWkpOV2VTUC1pZ1k
-MCQs in Pharmacy
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-Prometric Pharmacy MCQs https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_pMX637K5ExNEhCRXQ0bWJ5bmM
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-APHA FPGEE BOOK
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-NAPLEX: Calculations Review
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-Pharmacy review for NAPLEX http://www.mediafire.com/download/m4ktcfsdnfgsnkx/Mosby's+Pharmacy+Review+for+the+NAPLEX%2C+1E+%5BPDF%5D+%5BUnitedVRG%5D.pdf
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-DHA exam 1000 Q&A Book http://www.mediafire.com/view/bbwi2bsqmsdyd12/DHA_Book_of_1000_Q&A.pdf
-Misbah Biabani PEBC Pharmacy exam review book https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_pMX637K5ExLU9vOEExU1BGd2c/view?usp=sharing
-Introduction to pharmaceutical calculation by Judith A. Rees
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_pMX637K5Exb1l2c0JmWUZVek0/view
-Goodman & Gilman’s Manual of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2008) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QF978i0GJppQ7U4fVgXQx-w8PgNQa7Cl/view?usp=sharing
-Pharmacotherapy Handbook (DiPiro) 9th Edition https://drive.google.com/file/d/1d1Qpdxy4tBx7KqgTf3HMdJctfLd5DlqF/view?usp=sharing
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