📚 کتابخانه جامع 📚

001-The Iliad - Homer

002-The Odyssey - Homer

The Leaven of the Ancients
Suhrawardi and the Heritage of the Greeks
John Walbridge
@erfaneeslami1

The Leaven of the Ancients
Suhrawardi and the Heritage of the Greeks
John Walbridge
@erfaneeslami1

Contents
Acknowledgements
viii
Glossary
ix
Chronology of Modern Iran
xi
Map
xiii
1
Introduction
1
Reform and reaction
3
The Constitutional Revolution
5
Social structures
7
International integration
8
Weapons of the weak
9
Analysing Iranian political structures
10
The emergence of social forces
13
Nationalism
14
A revolutionary century
18

2
Reza Khan and the Establishment of the Pahlavi State
20
Iran in the aftermath of the Constitutional Revolution
21
The coup of February 1921
24
Britain and the coup of 1921
26
The consolidation of power and the imposition of a new order
27
Nationalism and the myth of the saviour
31
Domination of the Majlis and civilian reforms
33
The 'Republican' intermezzo
37

3
Reza Shah: Modernisation and Tradition, 1926-41
40
The invention of tradition
41
The continuation of reform: nationalism and modernisation
42
Institutionalising the dynasty: the politics of dynastic nationalism
59
The fall
72
An assessment
73

4
Political Pluralism and the Ascendancy of Nationalism, 1941-53
75
The levels of political awareness
77
The mass media
78
The radio
80
The limits of plurality
80
Fragmentation: challenges to the Pahlavi state: the Allied Occupation
82
The tribal revolts
87
The separatist movements in Azerbaijan and Kurdistan
88
Contested 'nationalisms'
98
The young Shah and the development of dynastic nationalism
99
Dr Mohammed Mosaddeq and the oil nationalisation crisis
106
Towards oil nationalisation
107
The Premiership of Dr Mohammed Mosaddeq, 1951-53
112

5
The Consolidation of Power, 1953-60
125
A changing society
126
The return of the Shah
128
The politics of consolidation
129
The 'Mosaddeq Myth'
131
Ebtehaj and economic development
132
Cultivating the military: Iran and the Cold War
135
The Shah ascendant
139
A fragile royal dominance
143

6
The 'White Revolution'
147
The roots of the 'White Revolution'
148
Social and economic development
150
Amini and the launch of a 'white revolution'
152
The Shah and the 'White Revolution'
157

7
Towards the Great Civilisation
166
The crest of the wave
167
The international statesman
176
Domestic tensions
178
The 'Emperor of Oil'
182
Democratic centralism: the Rastakhiz (Resurrection) Party
185
The myth of imperial authority: the apogee of sacral kingship
187
Towards the Great Civilisation
189

8
Revolution, War and 'Islamic Republic'
192
The political framework
192
Reality bites: the fall of the Shah
195
The triumph of the revolution: the premiership of Bazargan
211
War
229
The social and political consequences of the war
239
Rafsanjani and the ascendancy of the mercantile bourgeoisie
241
The Islamic Republic defined
243
Khatami
247

9
Conclusion: A Century of Reform and Revolution
250

Guide to Further Research
254
Archival Sources in Iran
255

Select Bibliography
257
Documentary sources (Persian)
257
Documentary sources (English)
257
Newspapers and journals (Persian)
258
Newspapers and journals (English)
258
Secondary sources (Persian)
259
Secondary sources (English)
260
Index
269

‌
The dog escapes from the pig and the pig from the infidel and the infidel from the hypocrites and the hypocrites run away from ignoring the prayer.

Therefore, Hazrat Ibrahim, according to the luminous text of the Holy Quran, prayed that my Allah and my generation should be in prayer, so that they should think all the time about worship, communication and prayer with Allah Almighty.‌

001-The Iliad - Homer

002-The Odyssey - Homer

💠 Imam Musa-bne Ja'far (peace be with him) said 💠

🔹There are five sunnah about the head and five others related to the body. The first five concerning the head, are:
🔹washing the mouth,
🔹trimming the moustache,
🔹combing the hair,
🔹drawing up water through the mouth
🔹and nostrils.
The second five, concerning the body, are:
🔹circumcision,
🔹shaving the pubic hair,
🔹depilating the armpits,
🔹clipping the nails, and
🔹cleansing the private parts."
📚 Khesal Shaykh Sadooq, P. 125

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On 8th Shawwāl of 1344 AH. All of the monuments of the Baqi cemetery, the dome of the shrine of Ahlulbayt peace be with them were sacrificed to the fatwa of the Saudi judge Sheikh Abdullah, under the pretext of the polytheism and heresy of the pilgrimage of graves.

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✨🍃✨🍃✨🍃✨🍃✨🍃✨🍃
💠💠💠💠﷽💠💠💠💠💠

🔲 ALLAH -The EXALTED AND THE GLORIOUS- TORMENTS SIX PEOPLE WITH SIX TYPES OF PUNISHMENTS 🔲

🌺🌺 The leader of the faithful Imām Ali said: Allah -The Exalted and The Glorious- torments six people with six types of punishments:

🍃🍃 The Arabs with partisanship

🍃🍃 the wine dealers with haughtiness

🍃🍃 the leaders with oppression

🍃🍃 the merchants with treachery

🍃🍃 the jurists with envy

🍃🍃 and the religious scholars with the ignorant ones (illiterates)

📚 Khišal Sheykh Šadūq. Page 130.

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The color of the water makes the color of the vase.
Wise sayings from the orient, p. 28

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💠Imam Sadiq (pbuh)

🔸الذُّنُوبُ اَلَّتِي تُغَيِّرُ اَلنِّعَمَ اَلْبَغْيُ وَ اَلذُّنُوبُ اَلَّتِي تُورِثُ اَلنَّدَمَ اَلْقَتْلُ وَ اَلَّتِي تُنْزِلُ اَلنِّقَمَ اَلظُّلْمُ وَ اَلَّتِي تَهْتِكُ اَلسُّتُورَ شُرْبُ اَلْخَمْرِ وَ اَلَّتِي تَحْبِسُ اَلرِّزْقَ اَلزِّنَا وَ اَلَّتِي تُعَجِّلُ اَلْفَنَاءَ قَطِيعَةُ اَلرَّحِمِ وَ اَلَّتِي تَرُدُّ اَلدُّعَاءَ وَ تُظْلِمُ اَلْهَوَاءَ عُقُوقُ اَلْوَالِدَيْنِ
🔹The sins which change the Bounties is the transgression
🔹The sins which inherit the regret is the murder
🔹The sins which brings down the Curses is the injustice
🔹The sins which tear apart the Veil is drinking of the wine
🔹The sins which withholds the sustenance is the adultery
🔹The sins which hastens the annihilation is cutting off of the relationships
🔹The sins which repels the supplication and darkens the personal desires is the ingratitude to the parents

📗al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 447

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The Islamic Revolution From The Western Viewpoint
The Observer
Emam Khomeini is a man in the path of the ancient prophets who called the world to follow religious principles. His message to the people of the world was to keep the purity of beliefs and pursue the simplicity opposite to the complexities and impurities of the west, and this is the key to his success and the sense of his follower’s pride.

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1.state the general topic and give some background
2.provide a review of the literature related to the topic
3.define the terms and scope of the topic
4.outline the current situation
5.evaluate the current situation (advantages/ disadvantages) and identify the gap
6.identify the importance of the proposed research
7.state the research problem/ questions
8.state the research aims and/or research objectives
9.state the hypotheses
10.outline the order of information in the thesis
11.outline the methodology

The medial longitudinal fasciculus links the three main nerves which control eye movements, i.e. the oculomotor, trochlear and the abducent nerves, as well as the vestibulocochlear nerve. The purpose of the medial longitudinal fasciculus is to integrate movement of the eyes and head movements.